origin of the rootstocks
Most of the rootstocks used in Europe descend from the following species:
Vitis riparia:
The River Bank Grape comes from the north east of the USA and the Canadian part around the great lakes and the Finger Lakes.
Characteristics:
- good resistance against phylloxera on the roots, but susceptible to the galls on the leaves.
- good rooting ability
- low lime tolerance
- good frost resistance
Vitis berlandieri:
This native species which is also called Fall grape is originated from the southern part of the United states (Texas, New Mexico).
Characteristics:
- very good lime tolerance
- good resistance against phylloxera on the roots
- low rooting ability
- good drought resistance
Vitis rupestris:
The origin of the rock grape are the central, southern states of the USA (Louisiana, Texas, Oklahoma). Normally she makes only little bushes on a barren country
Characteristics:
- medium lime tolerance
- good/very good resistance against phylloxera on the roots
- early budding
Vitis cinerea:
This species is native to the southwest of the USA.
Characteristics:
- total resistance against phylloxera
- low lime tolerance
- low rooting ability
- very vigorous